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All rights reserved. http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title BEL Framework Large Corpus Document http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/authoredBy http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RA8f-NI0ib7I7spDSknsU2GzRNKGntWdhxQwQpJ825yGU#_8 http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/version 1.4 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RA8f-NI0ib7I7spDSknsU2GzRNKGntWdhxQwQpJ825yGU#_7 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value The activation of Ras also requires stimulation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, through its interaction with receptor substrates such as Gab-1 or IRS1/2. Once activated, Ras operates as a molecular switch, stimulating a serine kinase cascade through the stepwise activation of Raf, MEK and ERK. Activated ERK can translocate into the nucleus, where it catalyses the phosphorylation of transcription factors such as p62TCF, initiating a transcriptional programme that leads to cellular proliferation or differentiation53. 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