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All rights reserved. http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title BEL Framework Large Corpus Document http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/authoredBy http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RAfawUWk_sm10op5EIkjhy-F-wnJuEplsAt90mqbRL8WM#_6 http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/version 1.4 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RAfawUWk_sm10op5EIkjhy-F-wnJuEplsAt90mqbRL8WM#_5 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value More importantly, XOR is secreted by the lactating mammary gland and the small intestine for an antimicrobial purpose [19, 36 and 37]. Although the mammary gland and milk provide immunological protection for the offspring, the intestine needs an intensive immune defense owing to its expansive epithelial surface, its multitude of villi and narrow invaginations, its exposure to dietary antigens and its proximity to the colon. XOR activity was detected in enterocytes and in the mucous of duodenum [38]. Within the small intestine, XOR was detected in Paneth cells, which are specialized epithelial cells that secrete various antimicrobial molecules in responsonse to bacterial and other stimuli [39]. 3. XOR is a mediator of infection and inflammation and interacts with NF-B and activator protein-1 (AP-1) Inflammatory reactions are an important part of innate immunity, comprising a sequence of events induced by various forms of tissue damage and infection. 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