. . . . . . . "[Yet, there is little contemporary data on the differential expression of TGF-? isoforms at the mRNA and protein level or TGF-?/Smad pathway activity in glioblastomas in vivo.Here we studied 64 newly diagnosed and 16 recurrent glioblastomas for the expression of TGF-?1-3, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 mRNA by RT-PCR and for the levels of TGF-?1-3 protein, phosphorylated Smad2 (pSmad2), pSmad1/5/8 and PAI-1 by immunohistochemistry.Among the TGF-? isoforms, TGF-?1 mRNA was the most, whereas TGF-?3 mRNA was the least abundant.]. Sentence from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine."@en . . . . . "2017-02-19"^^ . . "Gene-disease associations inferred from text-mining the literature."@en . "DisGeNET evidence - LITERATURE"@en . "2017-10-17T13:15:10+02:00"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "v5.0.0.0" . "v5.0.0" .