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All rights reserved. http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title BEL Framework Large Corpus Document http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/authoredBy http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#_4 http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://purl.org/pav/version 1.4 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#_3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value This study investigated the use of the hindlimb suspension (HS) and reloading model of mice for the mapping of ultrastructural and gene expressional alterations underlying load-dependent muscular adaptations. Mice were hindlimb suspended for 7 days or kept as controls (n = 12). Soleus muscles were harvested after HS (HS7, n = 23) or after resuming ambulatory cage activity (reloading) for either 1 day (R1, n = 13) or 7 days (R7, n = 9). Using electron microscopy, a reduction in mean fiber area (-37%) and in capillary-to-fiber ratio (from 1.83 to 1.42) was found for HS7. Subsequent reloading caused an increase in interstitial cells (+96%) and in total capillary length (+57%), whereas mean fiber area and capillary-to-fiber ratio did not significantly change compared with HS. Total RNA in the soleus muscle was altered with both HS (-63%) and reloading (+108% in R7 compared with control). This is seen as an important adaptive mechanism. Gene expression alterations were assessed by a muscle-specific low-density cDNA microarray. The transcriptional adjustments indicate an early increase of myogenic factors during reloading together with an overshoot of contractile (MyHC I and IIa) and metabolic (glycolytic and oxidative) mRNA amounts and suggest mechano-sensitivity of factors keeping the sarcomeres in register (desmin, titin, integrin-beta1). Important differences to published data from former rat studies were found with the mouse HS model for contractile and glycolytic enzyme expression. These species-specific differences need to be considered when transgenic mice are used for the elucidation of monogenetic factors in mechano-dependent muscle plasticity. http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#_3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasQuotedFrom http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479860 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#_4 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Selventa http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPrimarySource http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479860 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom http://resource.belframework.org/belframework/1.0/knowledge/large_corpus.bel http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#_3 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI#pubinfo http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2014-07-03T14:30:28.657+02:00 http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI http://purl.org/pav/createdBy http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-334X http://www.tkuhn.ch/bel2nanopub/RArtluRBgH8t9qsYQuuWywRdNDnu8F1zpHyojL_0B8ooI http://purl.org/pav/createdBy http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-0234