. . . . . . . "[We found (a) abundant tissue TNF-alpha and ASK1 expression throughout all layers of the intestine in neonates with NEC, suggesting that TNF-alpha/ASK1 may be a potential source (indicators) of intestinal injury in neonates with NEC; (b) TNF-alpha-induced rapid and transient activation of JNK/p38 apoptotic signaling in all cell lines suggests that this may be an important molecular characteristic of NEC; (c) TNF-alpha-induced rapid and transient ROS production in RIE-1 cells indicates that mitochondria are the predominant source of ROS, demonstrated by significantly attenuated response in mitochondrial DNA-depleted (RIE-1-rho) intestinal epithelial cells; (d) further studies with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant PBN supported our hypothesis that effective mitochondrial ROS trapping is protective against TNF-alpha/ROS-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury; (e) TNF-alpha induces significant mitochondrial dysfunction in intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in increased production of mtROS, drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and decreased oxygen consumption; (f) although the significance of mitochondrial autophagy in NEC has not been unequivocally shown, our studies provide a strong preliminary indication that TNF-alpha/ROS-induced mitochondrial autophagy may play a role in NEC, and this process is a late phenomenon.]. Sentence from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine."@en . . . . . "2017-02-19"^^ . . "Gene-disease associations inferred from text-mining the literature."@en . "DisGeNET evidence - LITERATURE"@en . "2017-10-17T13:14:30+02:00"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "v5.0.0.0" . "v5.0.0" .